The Italians
The creation of the government-generality in 1549 attracted many Portuguese for the Bahia. From now on, the migration became more constant. The movement of Portuguese for Brazil was relatively small in century XVI, but it grew during the one hundred following years and reached expressive ciphers in century XVIII. Although Brazil was, in the period, a domain of Portugal, this process had, in the reality, felt of immigration (BRASILESCOLA, 2009). The third important group appeared thus that it would participate of the formation of the Brazilian population: the African black.
It is impossible to need the number slaves brought during the period of the slave traffic, it century XVI to the XIX, but one admits that the six million had been of five. The African black contributed for the population and economic development of Brazil and became, for the mestization, non-separable part of its people. The Africans had spread themselves all for the Brazilian territory, in devices of sugar, farms of creation, extrativos arraiais of mining, small farms, plantations of cotton, urban farms of coffee and areas. Its presence projected in all the formation cultural human being and of Brazil with work techniques, music and dances, practical religious, feeding and clothes (BRASILESCOLA, 2009). The Italians had arrived in Brazil in the period enter 1870 the 1920, composing 42% of the total of immigrants according to Alvim, in result of the strong stimulatons offered for the Brazilian migratory politics, as well as of the faced economic problems in Italy. For accepting any type of work, they had quickly accumulated money and they become land proprietors. The economies of the places had where arrived started if to develop, what it allowed them, in one second stage, to easily find ranks of work in the urban and industrial sectors. Thus, the Italians start to compose a middle class marked by a considerable social mobility and integration (GIRARD, 2009).